美國醫(yī)生。1885年12月2日生于馬薩諸塞州波士頓；1950年2月25日卒于馬薩諸塞州布魯克林。邁諾特是哈佛大學(xué)的學(xué)生和研究生，1912年取得醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)位。一度在約翰斯·霍普金斯大學(xué)工作，后于1915年又回到波士頓。象他父親、叔叔和祖父一樣在馬薩諸塞州總醫(yī)院和彼得·本特·布里格姆醫(yī)院工作。 邁諾特對(duì)血液病特別是惡性貧血有興趣�；即思膊�時(shí)紅血球數(shù)目進(jìn)行性下降，常能危及生命。

早在二十年代初期惠普爾曾報(bào)道過食用食物中的肝臟可以顯著提高貧血病人紅細(xì)胞數(shù)量的許多試驗(yàn)（盡管未涉及到惡性貧血）。這些報(bào)道對(duì)邁諾特有很大啟發(fā)。 邁諾特已確定惡性貧血是由于缺乏維生素引起的營養(yǎng)缺乏病，因?yàn)檫@種病常伴有胃液中缺少鹽酸。由于消化功能減退，導(dǎo)致某種維生素的吸收量低于正常。這并不影響貧血病人的食譜中食用肝臟，因?yàn)橐呀?jīng)了解肝臟內(nèi)含有豐富的維生素。?

1924年邁諾特與其助手墨菲開始對(duì)惡性貧血病人用進(jìn)食肝療法。到1926年共觀察了45例，取得了驚人的療效。自此以后，惡性貧血病就已成為了一種眾人皆知的可治之病。在某種意義上邁諾特是對(duì)醫(yī)學(xué)上還了一筆債，因?yàn)樗�自己患糖尿病，若不是班廷分離出胰島素及時(shí)的挽救了他的生命，他肯定會(huì)早死。

1928年邁諾特任哈佛大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院教授。

1934年與惠普爾(George Hoyt Whipple，1878—1976)、墨菲(William Parry Murphy，1892—1987)三人共獲諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)。邁諾特關(guān)于惡性貧血的病因是某種維生素缺乏的設(shè)想是十分正確的，在其后二十年已被福克斯等人所證實(shí)。

George Richards Minot was born on December 2, 1885, at Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A. His ancestor, George Minot, had migrated to America in 1630, from Saffron Walden, England. His father, James Jackson Minot, was a physician, and his mother was Elizabeth Whitney. In his youth Minot was interested in butterflies and moths, and he published two articles on butterflies. He went to Harvard University and there took his A.B. degree in 1908, his M.D. in 1912, and gained an honorary degree of Sc.D. in 1928. 　　He did his hospital training at the Massachusetts General Hospital and then worked at Johns Hopkins Hospital and Medical School, under W. S. Thayer and W. H. Howell. 　　In 1915 he was appointed Assistant in Medicine at the Harvard Medical School and the Massachusetts General Hospital and was later appointed to a more senior post there. 　　In 1922 he became Physician-in-Chief of the Collis P. Huntington Memorial Hospital of Harvard University, and later was appointed to the Staff of the Peter Bent Brigham Hospital. 　　In 1928 he was elected Professor of Medicine at Harvard University and Director of the Thorndike Memorial Laboratory and Visiting Physician to the Boston City Hospital. 　　Minot early became, when he was a medical student, interested in the disorders of the blood with which his name is associated and he published during his life many papers on this and other subjects. Arthritis, cancer, dietary deficiencies, the part played by diet (vitamin B deficiency) in the production of so-called alcoholic polyneuritis and the social aspects of disease were among the subjects of his papers. Further he studied the coagulation of the blood, blood transfusion, the blood platelets and the reticulocytes as well as certain blood disorders, and he described an atypical familial haemorrhagic condition associated with prolonged anaemia. He also studied the condition of the blood in certain cases of industrial poisoning. 　　Among his other interests were leucaemia, disorders of the lymphatic tissues and polycythaemia, but his most important contributions to knowledge were made in his studies of anaemia. His name will always be associated with the therapy of pernicious anaemia, in which he first became interested in 1914, but it was not until later that he, like William P. Murphy, became impressed by the work of George Hoyt Whipple on the treatment of experimental forms of anaemia in dogs, and in 1926 he and Murphy described the effective treatment of pernicious anaemia by means of liver. For this work he and Murphy and Whipple were awarded, in 1934, the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine. Subsequently, Minot, in collaboration with Edwin J. Cohn, extended this work by showing the efficacy of certain fractions of liver substance and he demonstrated the value of reticulocyte reactions in the evaluation of therapeutic procedures. He also added to knowledge of gastro-intestinal functions and of iron therapy for anaemia, and to knowledge of other aspects of this group of diseases. 　　Minot was member or fellow of numerous medical and allied organizations in his own country and abroad, and served as Editor of several medical publications. Among the many honours and distinctions he received, may be mentioned: the Cameron Prize in Practical Therapeutics of the University of Edinburgh, in 1930 (jointly with W. P. Murphy), the Popular Science Monthly Gold Medal and Annual Award for 1930 (jointly with G. H. Whipple), and the John Scott Medal of the City of Philadelphia. 　　On June 29, 1915, Minot married Marian Linzee Weld; there were two daughters and one son by this marriage. 　　After a long and busy life, during which he made many important contributions to medical knowledge, especially to that of diseases of the blood, Minot died, full of honours, in 1950. 　　From Nobel Lectures, Physiology or Medicine 1922-1941, Elsevier Publishing Company, Amsterdam, 1965 　　This autobiography/biography was first published in the book series Les Prix Nobel. It was later edited and republished in Nobel Lectures. To cite this document, always state the source as shown above. 　　George R. Minot died on February 25, 1950.